(publication date: 25.09.2025)

CONTENTS

FOREIGN POLICY AND SECURITY 

Igoshin N. Deterrence and Reassurance: Norway’s Dual Policy toward Russia

Chikhachev A., Popov D. Franco-Polish Treaty of Nancy: Reasons, Features, Outcomes

PARTY LANDSCAPE 

Shpak M. Distinctive Features of the Spanish Far-Right Ideology amid the 2024 European Parliament Elections

Katarzheuski P. The Communist Party of Spain: from Bolshevism to Eurocommunism

Butenko V., Chekmazov A. Transformation of Social Democrats’ Ideological Views in Denmark and Sweden: Migration Case

CASE STUDY: GERMANY

Belov V. Consequences of the July (2025) EU–US Agreement for Germany’s Economic and Political Space

Mikhaleva A. The 2025 German Federal Elections: Political Parties on Religion and Islam

ARCTIC RIM

Grinyaev S. The Use of Unmanned Ships in the NATO Baltic Sentry Operation

SCHOLARLY LIFE

Zhuravel V. The Great Victory 1945: Europe’s Destiny in XX–XXI Centuries